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Proposed formation of a 4 m high pillar at 10 m water depth in the Kattegat. Methane-oxidation induces precipitation of carbonate which lithifies the sediment along gas channel. Cementation of sediment fills channel and the pillar structure grows from outside. Exposure of the carbonate-cemented sandstone pillar on sea floor as a result of erosion of unconsolidated sediment methane seepage visible in the vicinity. Erosion may have been triggered by post-glacial isostatic uplift in the Kattegat area.
Illustration: Chr. Würgler Hansen
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Scientific explanation